As used in this chapter, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, certain words and phrases shall mean the following:
DEVELOPMENT: Any residential, commercial, industrial or mixed use subdivision plan or development plan, including, but not limited to, site development plans, planned development overlays, subdivision plat or planned development plan, which is submitted to the city for approval.
DIRECT ILLUMINATION: Illumination resulting from light emitted directly from a lamp or luminaire, not light diffused through translucent signs or reflected from other surfaces such as the ground or building faces.
DIRECTLY VISIBLE: Allowing a direct line of sight to the light source or lamp.
DISPLAY LOT OR AREA: Outdoor areas where active nighttime sales activity occurs and where accurate color perception of merchandise by customers is required. To qualify as a display lot, one of the following specific uses must occur on the lot: automobile sales, boat sales, tractor sales, building supply sales, gardening or nursery sales, assembly lots, swap meets. Uses not on this list must be approved as display lot uses by the community development director.
FLOODLIGHT: A specific form of light or lamp designed to direct its output in a specific direction and as a broad beam.
FOOT-CANDLE: A unit of illuminance being one lumen per square foot. It is the luminous flux per unit area in the imperial system. One foot-candle equals approximately 10 (10.8) lux.
FULLY SHIELDED LIGHT FIXTURE: A lighting fixture constructed in such a manner that all light emitted by the fixture, either directly from the lamp or a diffusing element, or indirectly by reflection or refraction from any part of the luminaire, is projected below the horizontal as determined by photometric test or certified by the manufacturer. Any structural part of the light fixture providing this shielding must be permanently affixed.
GLARE: The sensation produced by a bright source within the visual field that is sufficiently brighter than the level to which the eyes are adapted to cause annoyance, discomfort, or loss in visual performance and visibility; blinding light. The magnitude of glare depends on such factors as the size, position, brightness of the source, and on the brightness level to which the eyes are adapted.
ILLUMINANCE: The amount of light falling onto a unit area of surface (luminous flux per unit area) measured in lumens per square meter (lux) or lumens per square foot (foot-candles).
ILLUMINATION ENGINEER: A professional engineer having received training in the art/science of illumination.
LIGHT POLLUTION: Any adverse effect of manmade light.
LIGHT TRESPASS: Light falling where it is not wanted or needed, typically across property boundaries.
LIGHTING ZONES: The three (3) lighting zones are defined in this section. Guidelines used to guide the delineation of the lighting zones are:
(A) Lighting Zone E-3: Includes land use zones B-1, B-2, B-3, PD-C, PD-I, CA, T and PD-X as areas of high ambient lighting levels. This zone generally includes urban areas with primary land uses for commercial, business and industrial activity, including highway commercial and downtown districts.
(B) Lighting Zone E-2: Includes land use zones R-1, R-2, R-3, R-3X, R-5, CA and PD-R as areas of medium ambient lighting levels. This zone generally includes suburban/urban residential areas.
(C) Lighting Zone E-1: Includes land use zones A-1, R-S, R-L, and R-E as areas of low ambient lighting levels. This zone generally includes rural residential and agricultural areas.
LUMEN: Unit of luminous flux; used to measure the amount of light emitted by lamps.
LUMINAIRE: The complete lighting assembly (including the lamp, housing, reflectors, lenses and shields), less the support assembly (pole or mounting bracket); a light fixture. For purposes of determining total light output from a luminaire or light fixture, lighting assemblies which include multiple unshielded or partially shielded lamps on a single pole or standard shall be considered as a single unit.
LUMINOUS TUBE: A glass tube filled with a gas or gas mixture (including neon, argon, mercury or other gases), usually of small diameter (10-15 millimeters), caused to emit light by the passage of an electric current, and commonly bent into various forms for use as decoration or signs. A "neon" tube. Does not include common fluorescent tubes.
LUX: One lumen per square meter. Unit of illuminance. It is the luminous flux per unit area in the metric system. One lux equals approximately 10 (10.8) foot-candles.
MULTIUSE LIGHTING: Any property having multiuse zoning or multiple approved uses are required to use the more restrictive requirements of this code when two (2) or more uses are approved.
NET ACREAGE: The remaining area after deleting all portions for proposed and existing public roadways within a development parcel or subdivision. For parcels including those special uses listed in section 10-15-6 of this chapter that are exempted from the lumens per acre caps of section 10-15-4 of this chapter (recreational facilities, outdoor display), the area devoted to the special use shall also be excluded from the net acreage. For development proposals improving less than the entire parcel, the net acreage includes all areas included in the footprint of all structures and site modifications or improvements, such as, but not limited to, setbacks or buffer areas, parking lots, access drives, landscaping, and sidewalks, plus any applicable setbacks that would apply to further potential developments on the remaining unimproved parcel, and after deleting all portions for proposed and existing public roadways. An example of this would be an office development only utilizing two (2) of three (3) possible acres for structures, landscaping, and paved areas. The net acreage used in determining the allowable lumens per acre would be two (2) acres.
OUTDOOR LIGHT FIXTURE: An outdoor illuminating device, outdoor lighting or reflective surface, luminous tube, lamp or similar device, permanently installed or portable, used for illumination, decoration, or advertisement. Such devices shall include, but are not limited to, lights used for:
(A) Parking lot lighting;
(B) Roadway lighting;
(C) Buildings and structures;
(D) Recreational areas;
(E) Landscape lighting;
(F) Billboards and other signs (advertising or other);
(G) Product display area lighting;
(H) Building or structure decoration;
(I) Building overhangs and open canopies;
(J) Spotlight;
(K) Floodlight.
OUTDOOR LIGHT OUTPUT, TOTAL: The initial total amount of light, measured in lumens, from all lamps used in outdoor light fixtures. Includes all lights used for external illumination of signs, but does not include lights used to illuminate signs internally or luminous tubing used in signs. For lamp types that vary in their output as they age (such as high pressure sodium, fluorescent and metal halide), the initial lamp output, as defined by the manufacturer, is the value to be considered. For determining compliance with section 10-15-4, "Shielding And Total Outdoor Light Output Standards", of this chapter, the light emitted from lamps in outdoor light fixtures is to be included in the total output as follows:
(A) Outdoor light fixtures installed on poles (such as parking lot luminaires) and light fixtures installed on the sides of buildings or other structures, when not shielded from above by the structure itself as defined in subsections B, C and D of this definition, are to be included in the total outdoor light output by simply adding the initial lumen outputs of the lamps;
(B) Outdoor light fixtures installed under canopies, buildings (including parking garage decks), overhangs or roof eaves where all parts of the lamp or luminaire are located at least five feet (5') but less than ten feet (10') from the nearest edge of the canopy or overhang are to be included in the total outdoor light output as though they produced only one-quarter (0.25) of the lamp's rated initial lumen output;
(C) Outdoor light fixtures installed under canopies, buildings (including parking garage decks), overhangs or roof eaves where all parts of the lamp or luminaire are located at least ten feet (10') but less than thirty feet (30') from the nearest edge of the canopy or overhang are to be included in the total outdoor light output as though they produced only one-tenth (0.10) of the lamp's rated initial lumen output.
(D) Outdoor light fixtures installed under canopies, buildings (including parking garage decks), overhangs or roof eaves where all parts of the lamp or luminaire are located thirty (30) or more feet from the nearest edge of the canopy or overhang are not to be included in the total outdoor light output. Such lamps must however conform to the lamp source and shielding requirements of section 10-15-4 of this chapter.
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES: An area designed for active recreation, whether publicly or privately owned, including, but not limited to, baseball diamonds, soccer and football fields, golf courses, tennis courts, and swimming pools.
SEARCHLIGHT: A lighting assembly designed to direct the output of a contained lamp in a specific tightly focused direction (a beam) with a reflector located external to the lamp, and with a swiveled mount to allow the assembly to be easily redirected. Such lights are used commonly to sweep the sky for advertisement purposes.
SIGN, EXTERNALLY ILLUMINATED: A sign illuminated by light sources from the outside.
SIGN, INTERNALLY ILLUMINATED: A sign illuminated by light sources enclosed entirely within the sign cabinet and not directly visible from outside the sign.
SPOTLIGHT: A form of lighting fixture designed to direct or project a spot of light illuminating a defined spot or object by directing a narrow beam of light on a small area.
TEMPORARY LIGHTING: Lighting which does not conform to the provisions of this code and which will not be used for more than one thirty (30) day period within a calendar year, with one thirty (30) day extension. Temporary lighting is intended for uses which by their nature are of limited duration; for example holiday decorations, civic events, or construction projects.
USE, ABANDONMENT OF: The relinquishment of a property, or the cessation of a use or activity by the owner or tenant for a period of six (6) months, excluding temporary or short term interruptions for the purpose of remodeling, maintaining, or otherwise improving or rearranging a facility. A use shall be deemed abandoned when such use is suspended as evidenced by the cessation of activities or conditions which constitute the principle use of the property. (Ord. 1, Series of 2003)